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1.
Acta biol. colomb ; 24(2): 299-310, May-ago. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1010858

RESUMO

RESUMEN Se comparó la calidad ecológica del río Tota durante agosto 2007 y febrero 2008, y el curso alto del río Bogotá entre los meses de octubre 2013 y enero 2014, aplicando los índices BMWP/Col y ABI. Los puntos de muestreo corresponden a la parte alta, media y baja del gradiente longitudinal. En el río Tota se determinaron 27 familias correspondientes a 11 órdenes, donde las más abundantes fueron Baetidae (25,43 %), Leptohyphidae (16,43 %), Naididae (13,76 %), Chironomidae (11,42 %) y Hyalellidae (10,30 %). En el curso alto del río Bogotá se determinaron 32 familias correspondientes a 13 órdenes, y las más abundantes fueron Chironomidae (28,94 %), Leptoceridae (25,20 %), Naididae (18,34 %) y Simuliidae (8,63 %). En el río Tota, El BMWP/Col. presentó una calidad de agua buena, mientras que el ABI presentó una calidad aceptable. Por otra parte, en la parte alta del Río Bogotá, tanto el BMWP/ Col. como el ABI presentaron variaciones en la calidad del agua entre aceptable y muy crítica. El ACC para el río Tota mostró correlaciones entre la temperatura y conductividad con las familias Hyalellidae y Leptohyphidae mientras que el caudal se relaciona con Sphaeriidae; mientras que el curso alto del río Bogotá se correlacionó el caudal, la conductividad y la temperatura con la familia Veliidae. A manera de conclusión, los resultados obtenidos denotan que el índice ABI, que es un índice creado para sistemas andinos de montaña, es más sensible a los impactos que el índice BMWP/Col.


ABSTRACT The ecological quality of the Tota River was evaluated during August 2007 and February 2008 and compared to the upper part from Bogotá River between October 2013 and January 2014, by applying the BMWP/Col and ABI indexes. The sampling points corresponding to the high, medium and low part of the longitudinal gradient. In the Tota River, 27 families were determined corresponding to 11 orders, where the most abundant were Baetidae (25.43 %), Leptohyphidae (16.43 %), Naididae (13.76 %), Chironomidae (11.42 %) and Hyalellidae (10.30 %). In the upper course of Bogotá River, 32 families were determined to conform 13 orders, where the most abundant were Chironomidae (28.94 %), Leptoceridae (25.20 %), Naididae (18.34 %) and Simuliidae (8.63 %). In the river Tota, The BMWP/Col. The index showed a good status, while the ABI index exhibited an acceptable quality. On the other hand, in the upper part of the Bogotá River, both the BMWP/Col. and ABI showed variations in quality between acceptable and very critical. The CCA for the Tota River exhibited correlations between temperature and conductivity with the families Hyalellidae and Leptohyphidae while the stream flow was linked with the family Sphaeriidae. On the other hand, in the upper part of Bogotá River the stream flow, conductivity and temperature were correlated with the occurrence of the family Veliidae. Our results showed that the ABI index is more sensitive to impacts that the BMWP/Col index is showing its ability to evaluate the Andean mountain systems.

2.
Braz. j. biol ; 77(3): 622-631, July-Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-888791

RESUMO

Abstract The large estuaries can present long narrow branches called subestuaries or tidal creeks. These types of subsystems are distributed along the Uruguayan coast of the Río de la Plata estuary and are very important as nursery and refuge areas for fish. For the first time, the seasonal composition and abundance of the fish community of the Solís Chico subestuary was studied by using beach and gill nets. Fourteen species, mainly euryhaline (86%) presented a significant representation of juvenile stages. The fish community was dominated by Odontesthes argentinensis, Platanichthys platana, Mugil liza, Brevoortia aurea, Micropogonias furnieri and Paralichthys orbignyanus, similar to adjacent subestuaries. While Micropogonias furnieri and B. aurea were the most abundant species, some other species were rarely caught. A seasonal variation of the fish assemblage abundance was detected, with higher values in autumn showing a positive correlation with temperature. Species that complete their life cycle in the Río de la Plata estuary, some of which are relevant to fisheries (64% of the analyzed species) were captured in the Solís Chico subestuary. The importance of this environment as a transitional system for some estuarine fish species is advised.


Resumo Os grandes estuários podem apresentar longos ramos estreitos chamados subestuários e riachos de maré. Estes subsistemas estão distribuídos ao longo da costa uruguaia no estuário do Río de la Plata e são muito importantes como áreas de reprodução e refúgio para os peixes. Pela primeira vez, a composição sazonal e abundância da comunidade de peixes do subestuário Solís Chico foi estudada usando redes de arrasto de praia e rede de emalhar. Quatorze espécies com predominância das eurialinas foram capturadas, havendo uma representação significativa das fases juvenis e espécies alvo para a pesca. A comunidade de peixes foi dominada por Odontesthes argentinensis, Platanichthys platana, Mugil liza, Brevoortia aurea, Micropogonias furnieri e Paralichthys orbignyanus, semelhante aos subestuários adjacentes. Enquanto, M. furnieri e B. aurea foram as espécies com maior número de individuos. Solís Chico apresentou espécies exclusivas com baixa abundância e ocorrência. Foi verificada uma variação sazonal da abundância de peixes, com valores maiores no outono, mostrando uma correlação positiva com a temperatura. Algumas espécies relevantes para a pesca que completam seu ciclo de vida no estuário do Río de la Plata foram capturadas (64% das espécies estudadas) no subestuário Solís Chico, indicando a importância deste ambiente como um sistema transitório para algumas espécies estuarinas de peixes.


Assuntos
Animais , Biomassa , Biodiversidade , Peixes/fisiologia , Estações do Ano , Uruguai , Densidade Demográfica , Estuários , Pesqueiros
3.
Acta biol. colomb ; 19(1): 25-34, Jan.-Mar. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-701753

RESUMO

This paper describes various approaches to evaluating ecological risk in rivers affected by multiple chemical stressors, with emphasis on biofilm and invertebrate community responses. Metrics should be considered as different lines of evidence that, when weighted, form an advanced weight of evidence approach to establishing the environmental risk on a basin scale. Combination of field surveys to obtain observational data of communities, in situ experiments, toxicological sediment tests and a good chemical description of the medium (water and sediment) helps give an integrative view of the chemical and biological state of a river ecosystem. The greater and more distinct the variables used, the greater is our ability to identify the effects of major stressors impairing communities. Weight of evidence is an integrative methodology for tackling the challenge of determining causal relations and applying this knowledge in the decision-making processes of river management.


Este trabajo describe diferentes aproximaciones para la evaluación del riesgo ecológico en ríos afectados por múltiple contaminación química, con énfasis en la respuesta de las comunidades del biofilm e invertebrados bentónicos. Las métricas descritas se considerarían como diferentes líneas de evidencia que convenientemente ponderadas formarían un sistema de decisión (weight of evidence) para establecer el riesgo ambiental a escala de cuenca. La combinación de trabajo de campo para obtener datos de la comunidad biológica, experimentos in situ, test de exposición en sedimentos, y una buena caracterización química del medio (agua y sedimento), ayuda a tener un resultado integrado del estado biológico y químico del ecosistema fluvial. Cuantas más variables se incorporen, mejor se identificarán los efectos de las presiones químicas en el deterioro de la comunidad. Esta es una metodología integradora que permite abordar el reto de determinar las relaciones causales y aplicar este conocimiento en el proceso de toma de decisión en la gestión de las cuencas fluviales.

4.
Acta biol. colomb ; 15(2): 169-188, ago. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-635016

RESUMO

Determinar el estado o salud ecológica de un ecosistema brinda herramientas útiles para su gestión y conservación. En Colombia no existen registros de índices que combinen en un solo parámetro las variables físicas, químicas y biológicas de los sistemas acuáticos, de manera que la evaluación de su estado ecológico ha sido fragmentaria o incompleta. En este trabajo se presenta un Índice de Estado Limnológico (IEL) para las ciénagas del Canal del Dique, ecosistemas sometidos a constante presión por parte de las comunidades humanas. Para la construcción de este índice multimétrico se elaboraron gráficas de calidad de las variables seleccionadas y se les asignaron valores de importancia. Para construir el IEL se empleó la teoría de los multiatributos considerando 12 variables. También se realizó un análisis de componentes principales de las variables seleccionadas. Se diseñó una versión simplificada (IEL parcial -IELP) en la que se excluyeron cuatro de las variables biológicas. Finalmente, se construyó una escala de interpretación de los valores obtenidos con estos índices. El IEL y el IELP se aplicaron a las ciénagas del Canal del Dique para establecer su condición ecológica actual. Los datos muestran que el estado limnológico de la mayoría de ciénagas de esta región es aceptable, lo que sugiere que estos ecosistemas lénticos se encuentran dentro de los límites admisibles de funcionamiento, aunque no están excentos de procesos de deterioro.


Determining the ecological state or health of an ecosystem offers useful tools for its management and conservation. In Colombia, indexes of aquatic systems that combine in a single parameter the physical, chemical and biological variables have not been published, and the evaluation of water bodies’ ecological state has been fragmentary or incomplete. In this work a Limnological State Index (LSI) for wetlands of the Canal del Dique, ecosystems under constant pressure by the human communities, is presented. For the construction of this multi-metric index, graphs of quality of the selected variables were constructed and values of importance were assigned to them. The theory of the multi-attributes was used to construct the LSI, which considers 12 variables. A Principal Components Analysis was realized with these chosen parameters. A simplified version was designed (partial LSI -PLSI) in which four of the biological variables were excluded. Finally, an interpretation scale of the values obtained with these indices was built. The LSI and the PLSI were applied to wetlands of the Canal del Dique to establish their current ecological condition. Data show that the limnological state of most wetlands is acceptable, which suggests that these lentic ecosystems are within tolerable limits of function, although they are not exempt from deterioration processes.

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